What Is Benzoyl Peroxide?

By Author: Steven Johnson
Total Articles: 494
Comment this article

Sometimes, when you get to the basic chemistry of stuff, you will always find the same basic building blocks. So, for example, when you look at most of the basic food and drinks on the market, most of them rely on corn. This is heavily subsidized by the government and so allows us to eat high-calorie food for little money. By the way, the subsidy is why you can buy a mountainous burger for less than the cost of most fresh vegetables. Well, it's the same with almost all the lotions, gels and creams sold over the counter in drugstores to treat acne. The standard ingredient is benzoyl peroxide. Why is this one ingredient so important?

The bacteria that causes acne lives on the surface of your skin. Under normal circumstances, being exposed to the air keeps their numbers down. But if the glands under your skin start to produce too much oil, the pores will slowly fill with dead skin cells. This creates a warm, dark place where there's no oxygen. This is a perfect breeding ground for the bacteria. Benzoyl peroxide removes the layer of dead skin cells from the surface and opens up the pores. Once the air is able to get into ...
... the pores, the growth of the bacteria is reduced. Over time, if you only have a mild outbreak, the skin will return to normal. With moderate to severe outbreaks, benzoyl peroxide will usually prevent the problem from spreading.

The main advantage of this chemical is that you can buy it as a solution. This is really cheap. Most of the research shows there's little to choose between the basic chemical and all the branded products over time, i.e. at the end of three months, there's no real difference in the effectiveness. But some of the combinations work more quickly. So, if you decide to buy one of the products containing benzoyl peroxide, all the extra money does is buy you a few days of looking better. There's some new research showing the combination with adapalene works faster over three months, no matter how bad the outbreak.
The importance of this research is that it involves almost 4,000 participants. This is an impressive effort. Unfortunately, the design does not give it full credibility, i.e. it's not a double-blind trial and no placebo was used. The participants were divided into groups. Each group received adapalene, benzoyl peroxide, the combination as a lotion, or a gel as the delivery method. The researchers found the combination as a lotion produced the best results. Some 500 participants dropped out, most complaining about dry skin. This is a standard problem with benzoyl peroxide when starting out the treatment. Using a moisturizer is best.

Topical medications, i.e. that you rub on to the skin, are the best approach to skin problems. The active ingredients are delivered to and absorbed by, the areas immediately affected. But the strength of benzoyl peroxide is limited. It cannot "cure" the more serous outbreaks of acne. For those, you need to add an antibiotic or move up to Accutane. However, given the difficulties in using this drug, you should always give a fair trial to all the alternates before moving up to Accutane. Hopefully, you can avoid the need to rely on this powerful drug.