Examples Of Independent Variable

By Author: Pierce Brosnan
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Introduction:

A variable can be defined as a property or characteristic of an object, event, idea, feeling, time period, or any other type of category that can take on different values or amounts you are trying to measure. Variables allows us to control our experiment in quantitative way..

Variables can be Broadly Classified into two types of variables:-

1. Independent Variables and

2. Dependent Variables

Independent variables:

As the name suggests, an Independent variable is a variable that stands alone and is not affected by the changes in the other variables which we are measuring. An Independent variable is manipulated by an experimenter in order to measure its change on different dependent variables. There are many cases where researchers are not able to actually control and manipulate Independent variables, they are technically referred to as status variables. Status Variables are also considered Independent variables. In a experiment, there can be only one independent Variable.

Dependent variables:

A dependent variable is exactly what it should be. In an experiment, ...
... a dependent variable is observed or measured for variation as a presumed result of the variation in the independent variable by the experimenter itself. Usually when we are looking for a relationship between two things we are trying to find out what makes the dependent variable change the way it does. In an experiment, there can be more than one dependent variables.

Examples of Independent and Dependent Variables:

1. A researcher conducted a research to study the effects of sleep deprivation on physical coordination. He selected 20-25 year-old male college students and deprived some of the subjects to either 20, 30, or 40 hours of sleep. Independent variable was the length of time the subjects were sleep deprived and the dependent variable was the physical coordination skills of the subjects.

2. 60 subjects watch a videotaped re-enactment of a robbery that happened last week at a local bank, Half of the subjects were questioned by a police investigator to recall the event, while the other half were Hypnotized. Independent variable was whether the subjects were hypnotized and Dependent variable was how much subjects recalled.

3. While measuring the growth rate of plants under sunlight for 6 hours a day versus plants that take 5 hours of sunlight. Independent Variable is no of hours of sunlight in a day and dependent variable will be growth of plants

4. An automobile manufacturer carried out a research to know how much bright, brake lights should be kept in order to minimize the time required by the driver of a following car to realize that the car in front is stopping and to hit the brakes. Independent variable is brightness of brake light and dependent variable is time taken by the driver to hit brakes

5. There will be a difference in graduation rates of at-risk high-school seniors who participate in a program as opposed to at-risk high-school seniors who do not participate in the program. Independent variable is participation in intensive study program and dependent variable is graduation rates.

6. Amount of time spent in studying results a change in test score . Independent variable is amount of time spent studying and test score is a dependent variable.

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