3 Types Of Symmetry

By Author: Pierce Brosnan
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Introduction to 3 types of symmetry:

An object having exact similarity in shape about a given point, line or plane. Such similarity is known as symmetry of the object. There are 3 types of symmetry which are point symmetry, line of symmetry and rotational symmetry. Let us learn about these 3 types of symmetry.

Point symmetry: Point symmetry is when every part of a figure has a matching part that is at the same distance from the central point but in the opposite direction.

It looks the same when viewed from opposite directions, such as left vs. right, or if turned upside down. It is sometimes called origin symmetry

3 Types of Symmetry-line of Symmetry

If a line divides a figure into two parts such that when the figure is folded about the line the two parts of the figure coincide, then the line is known as the line of symmetry.

The line of symmetry is also known as the axis of symmetry.

The concept of line symmetry is closely related to the mirror reflection. If a figure has a line of symmetry and we place a mirror along the line of symmetry, then the image or reflection of ...
... one side of the figure is exactly same as the figure on the other side of the line of symmetry. This is why line symmetry of figure is also known as the reflection symmetry.

Examples of line symmetry:

Line of symmetry of a line segment: A line segment has two lines of symmetry, namely the segment itself and the perpendicular bisector of the segment
Line of symmetry of an angle: An angle with equal arms has one line of symmetry which is along the internal bisector of angle.
Line of symmetry of a square: A square has four lines of symmetry two along the diagnols and two along the lien segments joining the midpoints of the opposite sides.
Line of symmetry of a rectangle: A rectangle has two lines of symmetry along the line segments joining the mipoints of the opposite sides.
Line of symmetry of a circle: A circle has infinite number of lines of symmetry all along the diameters.
Line of symmetry of a parallelogram: A parallelogram has no line of symmetry.

3 Types of Symmetry-rotational Symmetry

Consider a rotating object, say a wheel of a bicycle or a windmill etc. The fixed point about which the object rotates is called the centre of rotation. The angle through which an object rotates about a fixed point is known as the angle of rotation. An object is said to take a full turn, if the angle of rotation is 3600. A quarter-turn means rotation by 900 and a three-quarter rotation by 2700.

Rotational symmetry: A figure is said to have rotational symmetry if it fits onto itself more than once during a full turn, i.e. rotation through 3600

Order of rotational symmetry: The number of times a figure fits onto itself in one full-turn is called the order of rotational symmetry.

Clockwise rotation: When an object rotates in the direction of motion of hands of a clock, such rotation is known as clockwise rotation. Otherwise, it is said to be anti-clockwise roation.

900 clockwise rotation is equivalent to 2700 anti-clockwise rotation.
1800 rotations in either direction are equivalent.

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