Spinal Cord And Related Injuries

By Author: justin lin
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The spinal cord is part of the central nervous system; it is a long, thin, tubular bundle of nervous system and supports the bony structures of the vertebral column. It is covered by the three membranes of the central nervous system, i.e., the dura mater, arachnoids’ and the innermost pia mater. In most adult mammals it occupies only the upper two- and posterior lateral fissures represent the points where the ventral and dorsal rootlets (later roots) emerge matter thirds of the vertebral canal as the growth of the bones composing the vertebral column is proportionally more rapid than that of the spinal cord.
Parts of spinal cord: According to its rostrocaudal location the spinal cord can be divided into four parts:
• Cervical
• Thoracic
• Lumbar
• sacral
Two of these are marked by an upper (cervical) and a lower (lumbar) enlargement. On either side of the cord the anterior lateral can be divided into the dorsal horn, intermediate grey, ventral horn and a centromedial region surrounding the central canal (central grey matter)
Structure:
Spinal cord is the main pathway ...
... for information connecting the brain and other peripheral nervous system. It carries all the information to and from the brain. The length of the spinal cord is much shorter than the length of the bony spinal column. It is around 45 cm (18 in) in men and around 43 cm (17 in) long in women. Different parts of from the rest of the body to the brain and receiving efferent commands from varied portions of the brain the ability the spinal cord are responsible for performance of the peripheral organs of the central nervous system. The spinal cord has a shape that is compressed dorso-ventrally, giving it an oval shape.
Function:
The spinal cord is a highly organized and complex part of the central nervous system. Its complexity is due to the role it plays in the 3 most with the brain and it cannot function appropriately when it is either completely or even partially disconnected from it. Important functions of the individual: sensation, autonomic and motor control. However, as is well established, that the spinal cord has, in addition to relaying information to allow perfect control of sensory, autonomic and motor functions. This complex circuitry is critically dependent on its connections
Spinal cord injuries:
Spinal cord injury is an insult to the spinal cord resulting in a change, either temporary or permanent, in its normal motor, sensory, or autonomic function. Patients with spinal cord injury usually have permanent and often devastating neurologic deficits and disability. These injuries may lead patients to mental retardation.
Classification of spinal cord injuries:
• Tetraplegia: Injury to the spinal cord in the cervical region, with associated loss of muscle strength in all 4 extremities
• Paraplegia: Injury in the spinal cord in the thoracic, lumbar, or sacral segments, including the cauda equina and conus medullaris.
Treatments:
Admit all patients with an acute Depending on local policy, patients with acute spinal cord injury are best treated at a regional spinal Step -1: Most care providers recognize the need to stabilize and immobilize the spine on the basis of mechanism of injury, cord injury center. Therefore, once stabilized, early referral to a regional spinal cord injury center is best. The center should be organized to provide ongoing definitive care. Pain in the vertebral secured so that in the event of emesis, the backboard may be rapidly rotated 90° while the patient remains fully immobilized in a neutral position. Spinal immobilization protocols should be standard in all prehospital care systems.
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