The Flycatcher Plants

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The blades of the sheet is divided into two regions: a petiole heart-shaped plane capable of photosynthesis and a pair of lobes hinged in the central vein sheet constituting the real and form the trap. The upper face of these lobes contains red pigments anthocyanin and its edges secrete mucilage . The lobes show a rapid plant movement , slamming when stimulated by prey. Trapping mechanism is activated when the dam contacts one of the three trichomes shaped hair found in the beam of each of the lobes. This mechanism is so specialized that can distinguish between live prey and various stimuli like drops of water, 3 if it is a dam, it must play two of the hairs in an interval of 20 seconds or just one twice in rapid sequence , 3 after which the lobes are closed in about 0.1 seconds. 4 are scalloped edges by protrusions or hair-like cilia that interlock and prevent the escape dam. These protrusions and sensory hairs or hair triggers are probably homologous to the tentacles of its close relative Drosera . Although scientists do not know the exact evolutionary history of the Venus flytrap suggest hypotheses that could have evolved ...
... from Drosera . 5
The gaps between the cilia allow small prey to escape, presumably because the benefit they get from them would be less than the cost of digesting. In this case, the trap will open in 12 hours, but if the prey does not escape but to continue moving inside the trap, it closes completely and digestion begins more quickly.
Closing speed may vary, depending on the amount of moisture, light, prey size and general conditions of cultivation. The speed at which the trap is closed can be used as an indicator of the overall health of a plant. D. muscipula is not dependent on humidity, as are some other carnivorous plants such as Nepenthes , Cephalotus , most Heliamphora , and some species of Drosera .
This species shows variations in the shape and length of petiole and leaf lies flat whether on land or is situated at an angle of about 40-60 degrees. The four main ways are: 'typica', the most common, with broad decumbent petioles; 'erect' leaves at an angle of 45 degrees; 'linearis', with narrow petioles and leaves at 45 degrees, and 'filiformis', with extremely narrow or linear petioles. Except for 'filiformis', the other three can be output stages of leaf of any plant, depending on the season (decumbent in summer versus short versus semi-erect in spring), the length of photoperiod (long petioles in spring versus short in summer ) and the intensity of light (wide petioles in low light versus more narrow). [ citation needed ]
When grown from seed, the plant takes 4 to 5 years to reach maturity and live for 20 to 30 years if grown under suitable conditions.

Venus flytrap is a member among a limited group of plants capable of rapid movements , such as Mimosa pudica , the light plant ( Desmodium motorium ), Drosera and Utricularia .
The mechanism by which the trap closes abruptly involves a complex interaction between elasticity, turgor and growth. In the open state and off, the lobes are convex (bent outwards), but in the closed are concave (forming a cavity). Is the rapid rotation of this state latch which closes the trap, 4 however the mechanism that triggers this process has not yet completely understood. When stimulated sensory hairs, generate an action potential (mostly involving calcium ions), which spreads through both lobes and stimulates your cells like those of the central vein. 7 is still debated what exactly does this stimulation. The theory of acid development asserts that the individual cells of the outer layers of the lobes and midrib move fast 1 H + ( hydrogen ions ) in the cell walls, reducing the pH and releasing extracellular components, which allow them rapidly expand by osmosis elongating and changing thus the shape of the lobes. Alternatively, it is possible that cells of the inner layers of lobes and central vein secrete other ions, allowing water to flow by osmosis and the cells collapse. Possibly both mechanisms play their part and there is some evidence to support it.

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