Germination Of Seeds

By Author: seolncr plumstech
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Is considered by such lack of germination presenting viable seeds of some species orthodox before favorable conditions of humidity, temperature, aeration, and in some cases illumination. The main causes are:
Embryo rudimentary are morphologically immature.
Physiological immaturity: they are morphologically mature but lack the metabolic enzymes needed to initiate breathing.
Mechanical strength (walnut, almond ...) by a lignified endocarp.
Integuments impermeable to the ingress of water, oxygen or carbon dioxide, all components are necessary for germination.
Presence of inhibitors. Generally, these phenols, which upon entering the oxygen is absorbed in the seed forming ketones, and thus preventing the initiation of breathing.

In the case of rudimentary embryos (eg Orchidaceae), when there is the Diaspora (dispersion) the seed has a small number of cells, thus securing that not all seeds germinate at once, spreading out in time and thus resisting unfavorable seasons. In this type of seed crops were grown in vitro to achieve germination, with supply of hormones and nutrients to allow maturation).
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... The physiological immaturity is taken for lack of ATPases, enzymes catabolimos almidoxiano, etc.. Therefore, growth regulators are added primarily gibberellic acid (GA3) and cytokinins (especially zeatin).
In cases of mechanical strength or impermeability (eg some legume family Fabaceae that generate hard seeds), it must be eliminated by reducing the thickness of the seed coat by mechanical abrasion processes (scraping the seed with sand or pebbles) or scarification (perform a small incision through which water can flow, oxygen and carbon dioxide).
In some cases, the dormancy is generated by the presence of inhibitors, as in the case of seed melon ( Cucumis melo L.) which even in favorable conditions not germinate because of the presence of inhibitors in the pulp. To avoid this, it is necessary to wash (in the case that the inhibitors are soluble in water) thereof or the addition of growth regulators. Another example is that of lupine ( Lupinus albus L.).

Masanobu Fukuoka ( 2 February of 1913 - August 16 of 2008 ) was a farmer, biologist and philosopher Japanese , author of works Revolution a straw and Culture The Natural Path that sets out proposals for a form of agriculture that is called natural farming or Fukuoka method . He was born in Iyo City in Ehime Prefecture . In 1988 he received the Ramon Magsaysay Award for Public Service category, (equivalent to the Nobel Prize but Asian ).

Descended from a family devoted to agriculture for centuries, began his career as a surveyor , then diverted to the plant pathology . At the age of 25 years, began to doubt the wisdom of agronomy modern. Guided by his intuition, he decided to find a method of cultivation that protected the soil characteristics and to eliminate unnecessary work. He quit his job as scientific research , and returned to his farm family in the island of Shikoku in Southern Japan to grow mikan oranges organic . From that point he dedicated his life to developing his unique organic farming system that requires no weeding (weeding), using pesticides and fertilizers, and tillage.

Fukuoka practices a system of farming that he calls "natural agriculture". Although some of its practices are specific to Japan, the guiding idea of his method has been successfully applied worldwide. Your system falls within the field of permaculture .
The essence of Fukuoka's method is to reproduce natural conditions as closely as possible so that the soil is enriched progressively and quality of the food grown without any added effort increases.

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