Structure Of The Mesophyll

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350 sheets 115 families genera belonging to remove liquid water through hydathodes by the process of guttation . In some tropical plants like Colocasia ( Araceae ), the amount removed per night exceeds 300 ml . 34
The hydathodes can be either active or passive. The latter, common in grasses, removing water by osmosis when pressure increases dramatically. Active hydathodes, however, eliminate water irrespective of the pressure of the roots. Hydathodes tricómicos epidermal or secrete an aqueous solution with some organic or inorganic compounds (eccrine secretion, metal ion pumped through the plasma membrane). In the young leaves of Cicer arietinum epidermal hydathodes consist of a uniseriate stalk and a multicellular head oval. The aqueous solution accumulates under the cuticle and when it reaches a certain volume open pores in the cuticle and droplets on the surface appear. Epitémicos hydathodes have a specialized parenchymatous tissue, the epitema , located at the end of one or more sheets venules. Surrounding the epitema is a tightly arranged cell sheath, often with adjacent walls cutinized, forming a layer of endodermal ...
... type, which prevents reflux into the apoplast. Many of these cells are differentiated as transfer cells. Outwards, the epitema is limited by the epidermis, and the output of water occurs through one or more modified stomata, which differ because the guard cells usually can not close the ostiole.

The interior of the sheet, between the epidermis and abaxial adaxial is called cloud. The mesophyll is composed of vascular tissues that form the veins of the leaves, and a parenchymatous tissue specialized for photosynthesis called chlorenchyma .

Generally clorofiliano parenchymal cells have thin walls. Dejan abundant intercellular spaces that are a good ventilation system developed to facilitate the exchange of gases necessary to enable the assimilation of carbon dioxide . Their cells have a variable number of chloroplasts , which during certain times of day may contain starch assimilation. Present numerous vacuoles or a single. The chlorenchyma is of two types. The palisade parenchyma clorofiliano consists of cylindrical cells, elongated, and they achieve more area and less volume, rich in chloroplasts and small intercellular spaces. The second type is the lagoon clorofiliano parenchyma or spongy cells which consists of short, rounded or variously lobed, less rich in chloroplasts and large intercellular spaces left, called lacunae, through which circulates the air for gas exchange and respiration .

The cloud can be homogeneous, when consisting only one type of chlorenchyma cells. In this case, the cells may be more or less rounded, as in herbaceous plants such as flax ( Linum usitatissimum ) or lettuce ( Lactuca sativa ), or be constituted by elongated cells as in the beet ( Beta vulgaris ). The species of Eucalyptus with pendulous leaves also have this type of cloud.

Mesophyll cells are specialized for photosynthesis. These cells in the middle of the leaf contain many chloroplasts, the organelles that perform photosynthesis. As you demonstrate your knowledge of plant cell structure by placing the labels in the appropriate locations, remember that gas exchange (oxygen and carbon dioxide) takes place within the chloroplasts, and the food produced by the chloroplasts must move out of the cells to other parts of the plant.

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