Different Types Of Burn

By Author: sudarshan singh
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Burn is an injury that is caused by heat and it results in death of a tissue. The nerve endings may be damaged due to Burns, which may result in immense pain and discomfort.Burns heal by growing and replacing the damaged layer of skin. The tissues in the wound start to dehydrate and contract forming Contractures. A Contracture may cause limitation of movement if present on a joint or it may lead to unsightly appearance of the affected part due to pull on the surrounding healthy tissues. These burns may also be referred to as superficial, partial and full-thickness burns. Types of burns may also be classified according to the mechanism of burn injury.

* First Degree Burns or Superficial Thickness Burns - e.g. sunburn. This kind of Burn is usually not serious as only the superficial layer of skin is damaged. First Degree Burns heal completely in 3 - 5 days. There is no blistering and minimal scarring.
* Second Degree Burns or Partial Thickness Burns - Partial Thickness Burns cause blistering and are very painful. In this kind of Burn, superficial layer of the skin is completely damaged however; the deeper layer of ...
... skin is still intact. There are 2 kinds of Partial Thickness Burns:
o Superficial Partial Thickness Burns - these kinds of Burns cause blisters and can be quite painful. It takes about 2 - 3 weeks to heal completely and there is no scarring.
o Deep Partial Thickness Burns - This kind of Burn involves damage to the deeper layers of the skin and takes longer to heal. Deep Partial Thickness Burns can result in numbness of the affected area.
* Third Degree Burns or Full Thickness Burns - Full Thickness Burns involve the entire thickness of the skin, there is very little or no pain at the affected site.
* Fourth Degree Burns - This kind of Burn involves the deeper tissues like muscle, tendons and bones.
Major Burns - All the Third Degree, Fourth Degree and Second Degree Burns that involve more than 15 percent of the body surface in adults and more than 10 percent in children are Major Burns.
* Minor Burns - All First Degree Burns are Minor Burns. Second Degree Burns that involve less than 15 percent of the body surface in adults and less than 10 percent in children can also be categorized as Minor Burns.

Burns may be classified according to the tissue damaged (first, second or third degree) and also according to the mechanism of burn injury.Burns are often categorized as first-, second-, or third-degree, depending on how badly the skin is damaged. Each of the injuries above can cause any of these three types of burns. But both the type of burn and its cause will determine how the burn is treated.Burns can also be assessed in terms of total body surface area, which is the percentage affected by partial thickness or full thickness burns. First degree (erythema only, no blisters) burns are not included in this estimation. The rule of nines is used as a quick and useful way to estimate the affected TBSA. More accurate estimation can be made using Lund & Browder charts which take into account the different proportions of body parts in adults and children.

Burns are caused by a wide variety of substances and external sources such as exposure to chemicals, friction, electricity, radiation, and heat.Burns destroy skin and the loss of skin can lead to infection, dehydration and hypothermia (loss of body heat).Burns destroy skin, which controls the amount of heat our bodies retain or release, holds in fluids, and protects us from infection. While minor burns on fingers and hands are usually not dangerous, burns injuring even relatively small areas of skin can develop serious complications. An external burn is damage to the skin's tissues. Burns can be very painful and can cause blisters and charred, black or red skin.

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