Organic Chemistry 1

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Organic Chemistry 1

Introduction

Hydrocortisone is a steroid hormone that is required and necessary for some bodily functions especially to the absorption and use of carbohydrates in the body. Hydrocortisone is also very important in the maintenance of a healthy blood pressure levels. With the help of the natural hormone that is produced in the adrenal cortex, some synthetic supplements can also be used to treat several medical conditions . This hormone is also available over the counter to help in alleviating some muscle pains and inflations. There are many people who use the hydrocortisone cream and lotion on regular basis for some specific reasons. The drug is very useful as it helps in alleviating itches, general pains, inflammations and general pains as well as skin irritations. On the other hand, the cream or lotion can be used to curb irritations brought about by the insect bites, rashes from diapers and other discomforts that are caused by allergies .
The products that are sold over the counter contain low hormones that make them safe but very effective for nearly all users. On the other hand, there ...
... are other hydrocortisone products that must be prescribed by physicians and these products can only be used in severe conditions only. Due to the higher dosage of the hydrocortisone, the physicians are supposed to watch the patients closely and monitor their conditions and progress so as to make any adjustments if necessary. Hydrocortisone is known to have severe side effects and that’s why physicians are recommended to monitor the patients’ progress because the body may react and have negative responses when infused with excess hormones.
Manufacturing of the drug
The hydrocortisone is a steroid that is produced by the adrenal glad. The hormone is produced to respond to the stress as well as the low level of blood glucocoticoids. The product is produced to increase the blood sugar which on the other hand increases in the metabolism of fat, proteins and carbohydrates. The first commercial synthesis of the drug was done in 1955 in the Schering Corporation laboratories though it later changed its name to Schering-Plough Corporation. The researchers led by Arthur Nobile discovered that the drug can microbiologically oxidize and used the same way as prednisolone. The drug was oxidized to produce corynebacterium simplex .
The adrenocorticoid activity of this drug was tested on mice to determine the effectiveness of its compounds over cortinosone and prednisolone. The drug was made available and authenticated for use in the 1960s though its now available from different manufacturers who manufacture it as generic drug.
Commercial market for the drug
Hydrocortisone is a drug with a big market for home users and prescribed users. The drug can be purchased over the counter for those who may want to treat insect bites, itches, allergies and pain relieves. The drug is also available to prescribed patients thus making hospitals a big market for the drug. The drug is also used in treatment of blood sugar, reduce inflations and relieve muscle pains. The drug is also used by sports men to aid in metabolism and enable them keep fit for sporting .

References
King, Michael W. (2005). Lange Q&A USMLE Step 1 (Sixth ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill, Medical Pub. Division. p. 82.
Knight, R.P., Jr. Kornfield, D.S. Glaser, G.H. Bondy, P.K. (1955). "Effects of intravenous hydrocortisone on electrolytes of serum and urine in man". J Clin Endocrinol Metab 15 (2): 176–81.
Kokshchuk, G.I.; Pakhmurnyi, B.A. (1979) “Role of Glucocorticoids in Regulation of the Acid-Excreting Function of the Kidneys”. Fiziol. Z H SSR I.M.I.M. Sechenova 65: 751,.
Piroli, G. G.; Grillo, C. A.; Reznikov, L. R.; Adams, S.; McEwen, B. S.; Charron, M. J.; Reagan, L. P. (2007). "Corticosterone Impairs Insulin-Stimulated Translocation of GLUT4 in the Rat Hippocampus". Neuroendocrinology 85 (2): 71.

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