The Impact Of Battery Connectors Temperature Rise On The Performance Of Energy Storage Systems

By Author: Dan Thompson
Total Articles: 9
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In the energy storage field, the application and development of lithium batteries are very rapid. Lithium battery energy storage has the advantages of high energy density, long service life, green and environmental protection, etc.. However, there are also some disadvantages, such as high production costs, poor safety performance, and the risk of explosion. Therefore, the safety design of the thermal management system is crucial for the application of lithium batteries. As an indispensable component for series and parallel connections between battery packs, its temperature rise effect has a great impact on the entire lithium battery energy storage system. Large impact, so low temperature rise design has become an inevitable trend in the development of battery storage connectors.

In lithium battery energy storage systems, the sensitivity of lithium batteries to temperature is mainly due to the temperature sensitivity of the physical and chemical properties of their materials. Temperature will directly affect the activity and conductivity ...
... of the electrode material, the insertion and deintercalation of lithium ions on the electrode, the lithium ion permeability of the separator, etc., and then affect the electrochemical reaction inside the battery. Its external manifestation is the temperature sensitivity of the power battery. Since the power battery has a suitable operating temperature range, within this range, as the temperature increases, the activity of its internal active materials becomes greater, the battery's charge and discharge voltage and capacity increase, the internal resistance decreases accordingly, and the charging and discharging efficiency also increases accordingly. However, when the temperature exceeds a certain range, excessive temperature will accelerate the internal side reactions of the battery. These side reactions consume lithium ions, solvents, electrolytes, etc., resulting in battery performance degradation.
Research shows that when the battery continues to operate above 45℃, its cycle life is significantly reduced, which is more obvious when charging and discharging at high rates. Therefore, if it works in a high temperature environment for a long time, the life of the power battery will be significantly shortened, its performance will also be greatly reduced, and it may even cause safety accidents. Similarly, if the temperature is too low, the activity of the active materials inside the battery will be significantly reduced, the internal group and polarization voltage will increase, and the charge and discharge power and capacity will be significantly reduced, even causing irreversible attenuation of battery capacity and posing safety risks. Especially during the charging process, under the action of the external electric field of the charging equipment, lithium ions are extracted from the positive electrode material, enter the electrolyte, and move to the negative electrode. They sequentially enter the negative electrode material composed of graphite and form LiC compounds. If the temperature is lowered and the charging speed is too fast, the lithium ions will not have time to enter the negative electrode to form LiC compounds. The lithium ions close to the negative electrode will capture electrons and become metallic lithium, and aggregate to form lithium dendrites. When the lithium dendrites grow, they may cause irritation. Broken diaphragm creates a short circuit.

Battery pole connectors are necessary components for series and parallel connections between battery packs. When the battery packs are charged and discharged, the passage of large currents will cause a thermal effect on the connectors. When the temperature of the connector rises and exceeds that of the battery pack, the heat will be transmitted to the inside of the battery, thereby affecting the battery stability. Therefore, it becomes a necessary condition for the connector to achieve low temperature rise characteristics.
Guchen energy storage connector adopts the company's proprietary terminal technology, which keeps the contact surface between the inside of the terminal and the pin at the optimal area, effectively reducing contact resistance, reducing over-current density, and reducing current temperature rise; In addition, the metal material is imported high-purity red copper, which has high conductivity and stable over-current temperature rise; The plastic material uses a unique alloy material, which combines a variety of plastic properties, has both high strength and high toughness, meets fire protection requirements, and has a high thermal conductivity to speed up heat dissipation; In terms of connection technology between internal terminals and wire noses, exclusive patented technology is used to ensure the reliability of the connection between the two, increase the contact area, and effectively reduce the temperature rise of over-current; At the same time, the stable and firm multi-point crimping process effectively reduces the temperature rise of the connection between the terminal and the conductor, and ensures the consistency of the temperature rise. The company's current temperature rise test results for connectors of different current levels can be controlled below 35 degrees Celsius (ambient temperature 20 degrees Celsius).
Lithium battery energy storage is an inevitable trend in the development of the times. Ensuring the safe and reliable operation of lithium batteries is the primary condition for the operation of energy storage systems. High-current battery connectors are an integral part of lithium battery energy storage. Guchen Electronic always adheres to the product design concept of safety, reliability, and environmental protection, and provides dedicated electrical connector products for energy storage lithium batteries.

I am a part-time writter. My current job is working as project manager in Shenzhen Guchen Electronic. The company is specialized in manufacturing and exporting of EV HV Components, such as EV high voltage connector, high voltage wire harness, high voltage cable, MSD connector, PDU, MCU, and other related products on BESS interconnection such as battery pole connector and copper bus bar connector. Guchen Electronic has advanced production equipment and testing equipment. We adhere to the concept of "quality first" service tenet; our products have passed CE certification. The products are exported to Europe, America and Southeast Asia countries etc.. The company has introduced advanced equipment from Germany and Japan to ensure product quality, which makes us one of the leading manufacturers in China's electric vehicle industry. Our main customers are major automotive manufacturers in China such as BYD Automobile Co., Ltd., Chery Automobile Co., Ltd., Changan Automobile Co., Ltd., Dongfeng Motor Corporation Limited (DFM) etc..