Nitrogen Fire Protection System Can Protect Against Battery Thermal Runaway

By Author: Dan Thompson
Total Articles: 9
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Battery Thermal Runaway

A battery thermal runaway is a chemical reaction in which the temperature of the battery cell increases due to an internal short circuit or overcharge. The increase in temperature causes pressure to build up within the cell, which can eventually cause the cell to rupture violently and release toxic gases. This can lead to fire or explosion, with major consequences for people and property nearby.

In some cases, the internal pressure from thermal runaway causes the battery case to rupture before it explodes, releasing molten electrolyte and other chemicals onto nearby equipment and causing damage without fire.

The primary cause of battery thermal runaways is damaged cells caused by manufacturing defects or physical damage during installation or operation. Other causes include:

Undercharging - Charging at too low a rate causes more heat than normal during charging and discharging cycles; this may cause cells to become overcharged.

Overcharging - Charging at too high a rate may cause individual cells to become overcharged; this may result in one or more cells becoming damaged ...
... or exposed to excessive heat inside their casings."
In high-temperature environments, such as battery energy storage system (BESS), the risk of thermal runaway is a significant issue. In the event of thermal runaway, the cell temperatures can increase to levels that can cause catastrophic failure of the entire battery pack.

Nitrogen Fire Protection System can protect against battery thermal runaway by providing an inert gas blanket around each cell and preventing oxygen from reaching the cell. This will reduce the fire risk and increase safety in BESS applications.

Battery thermal runaway is a serious issue that is frequently overlooked in the design of battery energy storage systems (BESS). This paper provides an overview of the fire protection system and explains why it is important to consider this aspect from the beginning of the design process.

Battery thermal runaway occurs when the internal temperature of a battery pack increases beyond its safe operating range. The battery cells within the pack will begin to overheat and release gasses, causing additional expansion and increasing the temperature even further. If not controlled, this process can lead to catastrophic failure of the entire pack and release of harmful gasses into the environment.

The most common method for preventing battery thermal runaway is by using a nitrogen fire protection system in conjunction with a battery management system (BMS). The purpose of this system is to provide a means of cooling down any hot spots within your BESS before they can cause damage or pose a hazard.

There are several options available for protecting your BESS from thermal runaway, but one particular option stands out as being particularly effective: Nitrogen Fire Protection System with Thermal Runaway Protection (FRTP).

In a battery energy storage system (BESS), the battery cells are exposed to many potential risks. Fire is one of the biggest threats to battery packs, especially when they are connected in series. This can cause thermal runaway, which can lead to an explosion.

To protect against these dangers, many manufacturers have incorporated nitrogen fire protection systems into their BESS designs. These systems use nitrogen gas to suppress all types of fire and keep them from spreading.

Nitrogen Fire Protection Systems Protect Against Thermal Runaway

The main purpose of a BESS is to store energy for later use, typically by charging it during off-peak hours and discharging it when it's needed most during peak periods (typically late at night). However, if there's an electrical fault in your BESS or if you accidentally leave a switch open on a battery charger or disconnector unit, then your entire system could start discharging uncontrollably and overheat due to its own internal resistance. This is known as thermal runaway. It can cause damage or even explode your batteries if left unchecked long enough.

I am a part-time writter. My current job is working as project manager in Shenzhen Guchen Electronic. The company is specialized in manufacturing and exporting of EV HV Components, such as EV high voltage connector, high voltage wire harness, high voltage cable, MSD connector, PDU, MCU, and other related products on BESS interconnection such as battery pole connector and copper bus bar connector. Guchen Electronic has advanced production equipment and testing equipment. We adhere to the concept of "quality first" service tenet; our products have passed CE certification. The products are exported to Europe, America and Southeast Asia countries etc.. The company has introduced advanced equipment from Germany and Japan to ensure product quality, which makes us one of the leading manufacturers in China's electric vehicle industry. Our main customers are major automotive manufacturers in China such as BYD Automobile Co., Ltd., Chery Automobile Co., Ltd., Changan Automobile Co., Ltd., Dongfeng Motor Corporation Limited (DFM) etc..