Inflammatory Bowel Disease (ibd)- Symptoms, Causes And Risks

By Author: Central BioHub
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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) describes a group of chronic autoimmune conditions characterised by prolonged inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to unknown aetiology. It comprises two diseases: ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease.

● Crohn’s disease affects any part of the digestive tract. Inflammation can be in the multiple layers of the GI walls, leading to significant damage to the gut lining.
● Ulcerative colitis causes mucosal or submucosal inflammation of parts of the rectum and colon. Chronic ulcerative colitis is one of the major causes of colon cancer.

The leading causes for the occurrence of IBD are poorly understood. However, doctors and researchers say that IBD is caused due the abnormal behaviour of the weakened immune system to attack its healthy tissues in the GI tract. Also, IBD shows a solid connection to the genetic inheritance from first-degree relatives. Studies are progressing across the globe to understand the exact causes and pathophysiology.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease Symptoms and signs:
Symptoms of IBD vary greatly, ranging from mild to severe ...
... depending upon the extent of disease progression and the location of the inflammation. However, the general signs and symptoms include abdominal pain or cramps, diarrhea, fatigue, sudden unintentional weight loss, rectal bleeding, reduced appetite, blood in stools, and arthritis.

What are the risk factors for IBD?
Following are the major risk factor for developing IBD:
● Having a family history of IBD
● Autoimmunity
● Cigarette smoking
● Ethnicity - whites have a higher risk of developing IBD
● Increasing age
● Chronic use of medications like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

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