What Is Diabetes? Understanding Diabetes - Diabetes Type 1 And Type 2

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Today, Diabetes mellitus is the leading metabolic disorder affecting millions of people across the globe. It is a chronic metabolic illness caused by abnormalities in insulin synthesis, action, or both, which results in elevated blood glucose levels. It is one of the first metabolic illnesses with diverse aetiologies. Despite cutting-edge anti-diabetic therapeutic choices, the rising incidence of the disease calls for research on next-generation anti-hyperglycaemic medications.

What is the difference between Diabetes mellitus type-1 and type-2?
Type-1 Diabetes is a metabolic condition commonly referred to as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Type-1 Diabetes is a metabolic condition commonly referred to as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). In Diabetes mellitus type-1, the body's immune system produces autoantibodies destroying pancreatic beta cells. Insulin is produced by pancreatic beta cells. As a result, insulin synthesis will be reduced, causing an imbalance between insulin demand and supply. Type-1 Diabetes primarily affects children and young people. Therefore, it is also known as juvenile ...
... Diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes mellitus type-2 is also a chronic disorder characterized by elevated blood sugar levels due to less production of insulin or insulin resistance. It is also known as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). It occurs due to several factors such as genetics, environment, and lifestyle. Unlike Diabetes mellitus type-1, it is a late adulthood illness that can start at the age of 40 years or more.

What are the symptoms of Diabetes mellitus?
Diabetes mellitus often demonstrates insidious onset with slow progression. Therefore, the disease remains undiagnosed for long years. However, the general symptoms of Diabetes mellitus include:
● Increased thirst
● Extreme hunger
● Frequent urination
● Blurred vision
● Sudden unintended weight loss
● Unhealing or slow healing wound or sore
● Lethargy and weakness
● Increase in blood sugar level
● Tingling sensation on hands and feet
● Hyperpigmentation in arms and neck area

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