The Governmental System

By Author: allan
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A government refers to a group of people who are responsible （http://www.itscopied.com/）for governing a country or an area at a particular time. The British Government is officially called Her Majesty's Government. It is the body of ministers responsible for the conduct of national affairs.When the general election is complete in Britain, the political party with an overall majority of members of the House of Commons forms the new government and begins its work. The chief executive of the Government is the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister is the Head of Government, who is appointed by the Sovereign. By tradition, the Prime Minister is also First Lord of the Treasury and Minister for the Civil Service. All the other ministers are appointed by the Sovereign on the recommendation of the Prime Minister.The British Government has the Cabinet as its centre. The Cabinet headed by the Prime Minister is the group of the most important government ministers responsible for government administration and policy. The members of the Cabinet are the Prime Minister's closest colleagues. They are personally selected by the Prime ...
... Minister and can be dismissed by him. They may include the holders of departments and non-departmental offices, such as the Chancellor of the Exchequer, who is often called the Chancellor; the Secretary of State for Home Affairs, who is often called the Home Secretary; and the Secretary of State for Defence, who is often called the Defence Secretary. The Cabinet meets in private and its proceedings are strictly confidential. The cabinet meeting is usually held in 10 Downing Street, which is the official residence of the Prime Minister. Sometimes, the Prime Minister may have a cabinet reshuffle which is an interchange of the posts or responsibilities of the cabinet ministers.The British Cabinet headed by the Prime Minister plays an important role in political life. The Cabinet members are all important political figures. They are also Members of Parliament who are high up in their party. The task of the British Cabinet as a whole is to decide what policy to submit to the Parliament, to carry it out at once when it is agreed by the Parliament, and to see that the government departments function efficiently. It is also the Cabinet's job to watch over the state of national economy. The Cabinet in Britain bridges a gap between "executive" and "legislature", and practises "collective responsibility". They all stick together and support the final consensus. The British Cabinet is different from the American Cabinet in that the latter consists of experts from universities, and law officers without experience in winning elections or serving the Congress.In Britain, departmental ministers who are in charge of government departments are responsible for national policies. The holder of a government department is known as Minister, Secretary of State or Secretary. Non-departmental ministers are holders of various traditional offices, with no or few departmental duties. A minister without portfolio is a non-departmental minister. Portfolio is a formal use, referring to a minister's responsibility for a particular area of a government's activities. In Britain, a minister without portfolio is a Cabinet Minister without responsibility for a particular department. But he is available to act as an envoy on special mission, or perform special duties, which the Prime Minister may wish to entrust to him.The composition of the British Government can vary both in the number of ministers and in the titles of some offices. New ministerial offices may be created, others may be abolished, and functions may be transferred from one minister to another.The British executive consists of government departments and agencies, local authorities, public corporations, independent bodies and other bodies. Government departments and agencies are responsible for national administration; local authorities are responsible for local services; public corporations are responsible for operating particular nationalized industries; independent bodies are responsible for regulating the privatized industries; and other bodies are subject to ministerial control.（http://www.watchcopiez.com/）