Best Arthroscopic Surgeon In Hyderabad - Dr. Srinivas Kasha

By Author: Dr Srinivas Kasha Orthopedic
Total Articles: 5
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Ligament injuries
Ligaments are a fibrous tissue that connects bone to bone or bone to cartilage and gives support to joints. Though the ligaments are extremely strong they can be stretched and at times it can even get torn. This may happen due to an accident or fall. Four ligaments in the knee that may get damaged by an injury; they are ACL (Anterior cruciate ligament), PCL (Posterior cruciate ligament), (LCL) Lateral collateral ligament, (MCL) Medial collateral ligament.

ACL reconstruction
ACL injuries are very common and most of them happen during sports that involve in sudden stops and continuous direction change such as basketball, football, gymnastics, etc. An ACL reconstruction is a surgery done to replace the torn anterior cruciate ligament which is a major ligament in the knee. In this procedure, the torn ligament is removed and replaced with a new tissue which is taken from another part of your body or from a donor. The main aim is to restore the stability of the knee and bring back complete flexibility like before. Arthroscopic surgery is done for the ACL.

PCL RECONSTRUCTION
The PCL ...
... is the strongest ligament of the knee. It lies behind the ACL on the outer aspect at the back of the tibia and runs upwards and forwards to the inner aspect of the femur (thigh). The PCL is significantly stronger than the ACL. The main activity of PCL is to prevent backward movement of the tibia on the femur, to prevent hyperextension of the knee, bending backward on itself and it also stabilizes the knee on rotational movements acting as a central axis of rotation. It occurs mostly due to sports, while getting down from the stairs, or general twisting, turning. PCL will not heal by itself and a torn one cannot be repaired, so it has to be replaced completely. Three types of grafts are available to replace the PCL- using the patient’s own tissues called autograft, using donor’s tissue called allograft, using artificial material called as largely discontinued.

Multiligamentous injuries
Multiligamentous injuries or knee dislocation- this is rare and happens due to a violent injury to the knee, most commonly in accidents, fall from a height, or during sports. These injuries are very serious and many times the arteries that carry blood to the lower leg can be damaged and leads to amputation. Nerve injuries also happen, which results in lower extremity foot and ankle weakness, and sensory loss. These multi ligamentous injuries need immediate treatment. The ligaments which get injured are ACL, PCL, MCL, and posteromedial corner, and LCL and posterolateral corner.

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Meniscus injuries
Meniscus injuries cause extreme pain in the knee. It happens because of the torn cartilage. It usually happens due to a twisting of the knee while it has weights on it. This condition occurs mostly to athletes who do a lot of running. There are two types of meniscus tears – partial and total. The meniscus is a very small part of the cartilage in the knee that cushions and stabilizes the joint. It protects the bones from wearing out. These are C shaped and are tough and rubbery and give cushioning to the joint. The symptoms of a meniscus tear are swelling, popping sounds in the knee, weak knee. The treatment will depend upon the severity of the injury. If the pain is moderate with partial tear then physiotherapy is required to get the knee back into normal shape and decrease the pain. Or the patient may need to wear a meniscus tear knee brace. If the tear is total with extreme pain and unable to move the leg then surgery may be required to repair the torn cartilage. Arthroscopic surgery is performed as this involves small incisions and fast recovery.

Diagnostic arthroscopy
Diagnostic arthroscopy or knee arthroscopy is a technique used to diagnose and treat problems in the knee joint. During this procedure, the surgeon will insert a small camera called an arthroscope through a small incision into your knee joint. With the help of the camera, the surgeon will be able to see the images in the video monitor; the surgeon uses these images to guide the miniature surgical instruments. The arthroscope and surgical instruments are very thin and need small incision which results in less pain, less joint stiffness, less time to recover and can return to normal activities. Arthroscopic surgery can diagnose and treat knee injuries such as PCL, torn meniscus, patella that is out of position, pieces of torn cartilage that are loose in cartilage, fractures in the knee bone, swollen synovium.